Improvement in steam-boilers



12,1. s ouLn.

Steam-Boilers,

Patented m 4s, 1874.

'siw Mme Nunez uni UNITED STA'rns R-OSCOE J. GOULD, OF NEIVARK NEIVJERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-BOILERS.

Specification fornir g part of Letters Patent No. 146,331., datedJanuary 13, 1874; application filed I December 1, 1873.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, Roscoe J. GOULD, of Newark, Essex county, NewJersey, have invented certain Improvements relating to Steam- Boilers,of which the following is a specification:

I employ one ascending pipe, leading up within a furnace, in which wateris caused to actively circulate, either by the force of the feed-pump orby other means, during the whole Y period while the fire is in thefurnace. I render available the irregularities in the action of theforce in an apparatus so arranged, to in duce a vigorous circulation inthe absence or insufficiency of other inciting causes.

The following is a description of what I consider the best means ofcarrying out the invention.

The accompanying drawings form a part 0 this specification.

Figure l is a central vertical section through the boiler, with anelevation of the ascending pipe shown in a helical form. Fig. 2 is acorresponding section, showing important modifications in the details.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in bothfigures.

Referring to Fig. 1, A is the main body or outer shell of the boiler,and B the fire-box or inner shell. 0 indicates a series of verticaltubes, andD a chimney. The grate and other ordinary appurtenances,including stay bolts and try-cocks, may be of the ordinary character. Eis a feed-pipe, through which Water is received at intervals from apump, or analo-q gous feeding device. (Not represented.) It flows into asmall chamber in the castin g represented, from whence it is prevented,by a delicately-mounted valve, m, from flowing directly into thewater-space around the base of the furnace, and is compelled, in orderto enter the boiler, to traverse upward through the l pipe G, and enterthe boiler by passing the delicatelymounted valve 0 near the top of thefurnace. At his point it mingles with the water of the loci er, havingbecome largely generated into steam in passing through the heated pipe.When the feed is for any reason shut on, the circulation thus inducedstops, and another and entirely different one is initiated. The waterthe pipe G, becoming changed into steam, is lighter than the wateroutside in the space between A and B, so that there is a slight tendencyof both the valves an and 0 to remain open, and the water to circulatesteadily upward, entering the base of the pipe G by passing the valve m,and escaping fromthe top of the pipe Gin a continuous current, increasedin volume by the steam generated on the passage, and thus flowingsteadily past the constantly-open valve 0. But experience demonstratesthat the tendency to this motion is too slight to be depended upon. Theintense action going on in the generation of steam in the pipe G inducesviolent con: cussions or reactions, which tend at intervals to induce abackward motion through the lowerportion of the pipeG, and thecirculation is liable to be entirely arrested, and the pipe G to becomeoverheated and destroyed. I render available the irregularity of theaction in the pipe G to induce an intermittent circulation. Wheneverthere is a tendencyto a backward action through the base of the pipe G,the valve m, being light and easily moved, closes and prevents such amotion. It thereby compels the vigor of the expansion of the steam toexpend itself by inducing a motion through the pipe, and vomiting outsteam and water freely past the valve 0. The next contraction ortendency to regurgitation causes the delicately-mounted valve 0 toclose, and a strong draft of dense water to be drawn in past the valvem, which, being light, opens easily to allow this. Thus a new supply ofwater is received in the base of the pipe ,G, and this, on ascending inthe heated pipe, induces a con tinuation of the concussions andfluctuations in pressure, with, of course, a continuation of thecirculation. Each valve is a disk, and may be of very light material, asit does not have to bear the full pressure of the steam, but only toresist the tendency of the motion of the water and steam in the wrongdirection. It is mounted on. a horizontal spindle, which moves withgreat freedom in the guides. The

valves are mounted, respectively, in cast-iron casings or housings M O,which are fitted steam-tight against the inner faces of the fire box orinner shell Bby means of red lead, or other suitable. joint. through anopening in the shell B, and is se- Each casting extends cured by a boltinserted through the proper point in the exterior shell A. It forms apassage through the shell B, and affords convenient provisions foraccess for repairs. The bolt which secures the lower casing, M, ismarked M, and the bolt which secures the upper casing, 0, is marked 0.It is easy to remove either of these casings by breaking the joint andmoving it inward after unscrewing a single bolt. The chamber whichreceives the water from the pipe E is, in this form of the construction,provided in the inner end of the easin g M.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2, the same general features areintroduced with a slightly difiering arrangement. The valve on is, inFig. 2, mounted in a chamber just outside of the outer shell, instead ofinside of the inner shell; but the connections are such that the samegeneral effect is produced. The dense water from the space between theshells is drawn past the valve m, and prevented from returning, as thepressure in the pipe G fluctuates under its intense heat when the feedis shut off, and the valve m remains firmly closed, to prevent anymotion of the feed-water past it during all the period while the pump isfeeding. The delivering-valve 0 is in this modifi cation, Fig. 2,mounted somewhat above the crown of the furnace, and is represented ashinged near its upper edge, with a stop above the axis to prevent thevalve from opening too wide under the strong upward current of steam. Itis important that it be always ready to close and prevent a hack flow ofwater, while it is ready to open with a gentle force and deliver inlarge volumes, whenever the pressure in the pipe G is ever so littleabove that in the boiler. The water-level of the boiler may fluctuateconsiderably. It may even fall below the delivery from the upper end ofthe pipe G without materially detracting from the efficiency of myapparatus. It will induce an active circulation under all conditionswhen there is a bright fire in the furnace.

I claim as my invention 1. The two valves m 0, in combination with thepipe G, and arranged as represented relatively to the shells A B of theboiler, for the purposes specified.

2. The arrangementof the feed-pipe E, relatively to the pipe G, valves m0, and boilershells A B, substantially as and for the purposes hereinsct forth.

3. The castings M O,.formed as represented, in combination with theirinclosed valves m 0, the confining-bolts M O, the shells A B, and theconnected pipe G, as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 21st day ofNovember, 1873, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROSOOE J. GOULD.

Witnesses:

WM. 0. DEY, ARNOLD HoRMANN.

